International Year of the Camelids: Collaborative effort needed to tackle unknown camel diseases in the IGAD region

As the world commemorates the International Year of the Camelids, researchers and stakeholders convened at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)’s Nairobi campus on 25 July 2024 to discuss the pressing challenges posed by unknown camel diseases.

Those present included representatives of ILRI, Mercy Corps and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) through its Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD).

For decades, the livelihoods of pastoral communities who keep camels in the IGAD region have been challenged by outbreaks of unknown diseases.

Covering an eight-country trade bloc in Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan and Uganda), this region is known for its diverse ecological zones and significant pastoralist communities.

It is home to nearly 20.3 million camels, which are kept in the arid and semi-arid areas that make up 60–70% of IGAD’s land mass.

Camelids, particularly camels, are invaluable to pastoral economies, providing milk, meat, hides, and transportation.

Over the last few years, there has been increased commercialization of camel products, making them available not only in the informal sector but also in major supermarkets and butcheries.

However, unknown diseases threaten camel health and productivity, posing significant risks to the communities that depend on them.

The collaborative consultative regional meeting held in July addressed the diagnostic and surveillance limitations in the control of unknown camel diseases.

While highlighting the vital role camelids play in the livelihoods of pastoral communities across Africa and Asia, participants also underscored the urgent need for enhanced research and development through a centre or network of excellence.

The key objectives were to discuss collaborative research efforts, share critical insights and develop innovative strategies to mitigate unknown camelid diseases and other related threats.

Photo: Somaliland camels (credit: ILRI/Peter Ballantyne)